To determine the resonance structures of phenol, which is \( \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH} \):
1. Draw the basic structure of phenol. Phenol has a benzene ring with an -OH group attached.
2. Identify the lone pairs on the oxygen atom and consider the conjugation with the benzene ring.
3. Push the electrons to create double bonds around the ring and form new resonance structures.
4. Count the distinct resonance structures generated by the delocalization of electrons.
The distinct resonance structures are:
- One structure where the lone pair on the oxygen forms a double bond with the carbon it is attached to, pushing the electrons around the ring,
- And four more structures with different positions of the double bonds and negative charges on the carbons around the benzene ring.
So, the answer is 5 resonance structures.