Question

Is the function 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦) = 2ln⁡(𝑥) + 2ln⁡(𝑦) − 𝑥𝑦 concave or convex? What is the domain of the function? And your image?

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Answer to a math question Is the function 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦) = 2ln⁡(𝑥) + 2ln⁡(𝑦) − 𝑥𝑦 concave or convex? What is the domain of the function? And your image?

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Sigrid
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59 Answers
Para determinar se a função é côncava ou convexa, precisamos analisar a matriz Hessiana da função. A matriz Hessiana é definida como:

H = \begin{bmatrix} \frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x^2} & \frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x \partial y} \ \frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial y \partial x} & \frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial y^2} \end{bmatrix}

Vamos calcular as derivadas parciais de segunda ordem da função 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦):

\frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x^2} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} (2\ln(x)) - y = \frac{2}{x}

\frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial y^2} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y} (2\ln(y)) - x = \frac{2}{y}

\frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial x \partial y} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x} (2\ln(y)) = 0

\frac{\partial^2 f}{\partial y \partial x} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y} (2\ln(x)) = 0

Agora, vamos montar a matriz Hessiana:

H = \begin{bmatrix} \frac{2}{x} & 0 \ 0 & \frac{2}{y} \end{bmatrix}

Como a matriz Hessiana é uma matriz diagonal, podemos afirmar que a função é côncava se os elementos da diagonal principal forem todos negativos, e convexa se os elementos da diagonal principal forem todos positivos. Neste caso, como os elementos da diagonal principal são positivos, a função é convexa.

Para determinar o domínio da função, observamos que a função contém termos de logaritmos naturais, então devemos garantir que esses termos sejam sempre válidos, ou seja, 𝑥 > 0 e 𝑦 > 0. Portanto, o domínio da função é: \text{Domínio:} \, x > 0, y > 0 .

Para encontrar a imagem da função, vamos observar que 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦) é a combinação linear de dois termos logarítmicos e um termo quadrático em 𝑥 e 𝑦. Portanto, a imagem da função são todos os valores reais possíveis que 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦) pode assumir.

\text{Imagem:} \, (-\infty, +\infty)

**Resposta:**
1. A função 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦) = 2\ln(x) + 2\ln(y) - xy é convexa.
2. O domínio da função é x > 0, y > 0 .
3. A imagem da função é (-\infty, +\infty) .

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